Knowledge, attitude and practice towards prevention of anemia among pregnant women in Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State

Background: Anemia in pregnancy is a significant public health concern, particularly in developing countries, where it can lead to severe maternal and perinatal complications. Prevention of anemia in pregnancy is crucial to ensure the health and well-being of both mothers and their unborn babies. This study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices of pregnant women regarding anemia prevention at Ekiti State University Teaching Hospital, Ado Ekiti. Methods: Using a descriptive approach which utilizes quantitative method of data collection via a self-structured questionnaire was administered to 109 participants. Results: The study revealed that 59 (54.13%) participants had high knowledge levels regarding anemia prevention, while 63 (57.80%) exhibited positive attitudes towards its prevention. However, despite their high knowledge levels and positive attitudes, 59 (54.13%) participants engaged in poor preventive practices. The preferred outcome of this study was that pregnant women would translate their knowledge and positive attitudes into practice, thereby preventing anemia in pregnancy. However, a significant barrier to achieving thus outcome is the irregular attendance at antenatal care and financial constraints. A statistically significant association was found between attitude and practice, as well as between age and knowledge level. Conclusions: The study’s findings highlight the need for targeted interventions to bridge the gap between knowledge and practice. It emphasizes the importance of providing cost-effective nutrition information and promoting regular antenatal care attendance to help prevent anemia in pregnancy.