Innovative solutions of geotechnical seismic isolation with application of ground rubber for protection ofarchitectural monuments

This study investigates the application of geotechnical seismic isolation as a feasible and effective strategy for safeguarding architectural heritage sites against seismic hazards. Particular attention is given to the advantages of this approach, including the preservation of structural integrity and historical authenticity, minimal intrusion into existing constructions, and the use of durable, long-lasting materials. The paper examines various seismic mitigation techniques, such as the integration of isolation layers, damping interfaces, shock-absorbing elements, and specialized foundation systems. Case studies of successful applications in culturally valuable structures are presented to support the practical relevance of the proposed methods. The research further emphasizes the importance of advanced engineering solutions in reducing seismic vulnerability, especially in tectonically active regions. A central focus is placed on the use of soil–rubber composite layers as a seismic isolation medium. Experimental results demonstrate a substantial reduction in ground motion amplitudes, thereby enhancing both the resilience and service life of protected buildings. Overall, the findings establish geotechnical seismic isolation as a promising component of modern earthquake-resistant design, requiring a multidisciplinary approach that accounts for engineering, geological, and economic considerations.