Digital neurotechnologies in palliative care: the nurse's role in the use of eye-tracking, neurofeedback and EEG monitoring devices

Modern palliative care requires innovative solutions to maintain communication and cognitive functions in patients with severe speech and motor impairments. The aim of the study is to analyze the possibilities of using digital neurotechnologies in palliative practice and determine the role of nurses in their implementation. A systematic review of international and Russian experience in using eye-tracking technologies, neurointerfaces and EEG monitoring was conducted.The systems Tobii Dynavox, EyeControl, GazeSpeak, Neurable, Emotiv and domestic developments iTracker and CEREBRO are considered. The results show that eye-tracking systems improve communication in patients with ALS and locked-in syndrome, neurofeedback helps reduce anxiety, and portable EEG monitoring allows objective assessment of consciousness state. The nurse plays a key role in training patients, interpreting data and coordinating the interdisciplinary team. Implementation of digital neurotechnologies requires special training of nursing staff and adaptation of palliative care infrastructure