Distributed control of DC microgrid energy storage system based on consensus algorithm

In solving the power distribution problem of energy storage systems in DC microgrids, we propose a structure for the hierarchical distributed control. In the distributed control layer, based on distributed MPC and state constraints, a weighted consistency algorithm is proposed aiming to solve the detailed power distribution problem among homogeneous energy storage units to realize the rapid decomposition of power instructions issued by the coordination control layer. In addition, combined with the proposed distributed algorithm, a battery unit grouping strategy for consistency control is put to optimize the operating status of each battery unit to extend the battery life, strengthening its operation efficiency. Finally, a DC microgrid system is built on Matlab. The algorithm proposed and control strategy are simulated and verified. From the results, we obtain that the proposed algorithm can reduce the number of system cycles a lot, extend the battery life, and greatly increase the system’s operating efficiency.