Exploring the influencing factors of cavities persist in rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients who have completed outpatient treatment based on logistic regression forest plot

This study explores the factors influencing the persistence of cavities in patients with rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis who have completed outpatient follow-up treatment based on multiple regression analysis. A total of 218 rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients with pulmonary cavities, who were followed up at our hospital from January 2022 to October 2023, were selected as the study subjects. General patient data were collected, including gender, age, residence, smoking status, hemoptysis symptoms, presence of diabetes, initial treatment/retreatment, number of outpatient visits, duration of intensive treatment, presence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and presence of chronic aspergillosis. Based on a reexamination of chest CT scans to evaluate lung cavity absorption after completion of treatment, patients were categorized into the cavity closure group or cavity persistence group. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors influencing cavity persistence, and a forest plot was generated. Among the 218 rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 55 (25.23%) had persistent pulmonary cavities. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking (OR = 2.209, 95% CI = 1.029-4.739, P = .042), diabetes (OR = 3.423, 95% CI = 1.602-7.315, P = .001), retreatment (OR = 5.286, 95% CI = 1.983-14.087, P < .001), and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (OR = 5.684, 95% CI = 2.459-13.138, P < .001) were significant factors influencing the persistence of cavities (P < .05). Smoking, diabetes, retreatment of pulmonary tuberculosis, and chronic pulmonary aspergillosis are all factors that influence the persistence of cavities in patients with rifampicin-sensitive pulmonary tuberculosis who have completed treatment in outpatient clinics. Early intervention should be implemented in these cases.