Epistemological and sociocultural aspects of the technoscience phenomenon

The relevance of the research topic is due to the peculiarities and problems of development of modern science related to its impact on nature and society, which entails the need to search for methods, tools and solutions that allow harmonizing the mutual influence of science, technology, nature and man. Modern scientific activity is characterized by an externalistic approach that excludes vertical hierarchy. Here, the agents involved in the scientific process, such as: political and economic institutions, mass media, the public, the scientific community have equal rights. On the one hand, the heteronomy of modern science problematizes the issue of dependence of the creation of scientific knowledge on external factors. On the other hand, horizontal communication of technoscience agents creates a new type of knowledge production (MODE 2), which transforms the ontological and epistemological understanding of reality and the nature of knowledge. Conceptually, MODE 2 comprehends the meaning and empirical contribution of each agent, while acting as a guide to obtaining a new type of knowledge. The phenomenon of technoscience (a modern type of science) operates in a transdisciplinary space, which allows us to mark changes occurring in the socio-cultural context, for example, the emergence of a new class – the precariat, as well as the formation of a group of people voluntarily refusing education and employment (NEET) due to the complexity and uncertainty of understanding the world order.