Foreign experience in modernizing the agricultural sector to ensure stable food supply for the country

Abstract. In the context of the modernization of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the study of food security stability is a pressing issue due to several factors. Firstly, the situation remains unstable, with a high dependence on imports in certain product categories, highlighting the urgent need for modernization of the AIC. Secondly, the effective modernization of the sector and the assurance of food security require highly qualified specialists; however, the persistent shortage of specialized personnel complicates both research and implementation of modernization tasks. Thirdly, global climate change has a significant impact on Kazakhstan, potentially affecting agricultural productivity and food production. The policy of supporting and developing the AIC plays a crucial role in ensuring national security and includes legislative regulation aimed at creating mechanisms to develop effective programs that guarantee the sustainable and balanced development of the sector. The AIC is central to the national food supply system, and its modernization is an integral part of the strategy for establishing a sustainable food system. This study emphasizes the need to consider the legal and regulatory aspects of AIC modernization and food security, including normative regulation, subsidies, trade policy, and other factors influencing the success of modernization. The aim of the research is to examine theoretical and methodological approaches and to develop recommendations for Kazakhstan’s food security system based on international best practices. The study employs methods such as comparative analysis, synthesis, and deduction.