SOCIAL AND POLITICAL REFLECTIONS OF THE WAQF SYSTEM IN JERUSALEM UNDER OTTOMAN RULE

Waqfs, which are seen as a reflection of the Ottoman understanding of the state and the solidarity in the belief system, are an important political tool used in the implementation of state practices. Aimed at ensuring social balance in society by taking from the rich and distributing to the poor, waqfs were used in Jerusalem as in many other regions. Activities such as the protection of religious buildings, infrastructure activities, the construction and support of madrasas, and health services were carried out by integrating them with public policies. Waqfs have not only met social needs, but have also fulfilled many responsibilities to ensure social equilibrium. By providing aid to all those in need without discrimination based on religion or ethnicity, the social balance was maintained and the culture of solidarity was strengthened. The waqfs of the Ottoman Empire, which we have listed in the case of Jerusalem, but whose effects can be seen in all its borders, went beyond their philanthropic role and became an important tool used by the state to implement its social and economic policies.