Сравнительный анализ результатов зарубежных эмпирических исследований мотивации выбора профессии в ординатуре студентами-медиками

The article presents a theoretical analysis of foreign studies on the motivation of medical students in choosing a specialization in residency. The main objective is to conduct a comparative analysis of the results of empirical studies examining career choices after completing higher medical education. Personal, social, and cultural factors influencing these choices are considered, including family expectations, economic conditions, professional prospects, and work-life balance. The analysis is relevant in the context of the globalization of medical education and evolving healthcare system needs, highlighting the necessity of adapting educational programs. The study encompasses various approaches to residency choice in nine countries, including the USA, Saudi Arabia, Israel, India, Turkey, France, Switzerland, Oman, and Greece. The data analysis reveals key trends: decreasing interest in general practice, an increase in the number of specialized professionals, gender differences in career preferences, and the influence of academic achievements and family traditions. Socio-economic factors and career prospects play a significant role, particularly in the later stages of education. The findings emphasize the need for new career guidance strategies and educational program adjustments to enhance the appeal of less popular specialties, improve working conditions, and ensure equitable workforce distribution in healthcare. The conclusions of this study may inform the development of educational and professional programs aimed at improving the quality of medical specialist training.