Probing a terahertz single photon in a neuron with solid-state defect centers

Exploring and controlling the quantum effect of a neuron provides an alternative possibility to modulate its biological functions. Based on the conjecture that vertebrate neural signals operate in terahertz (THz) band, this paper further investigates how quantum effects of a neuron influence the transmission of neural signal. Our main hypothesis is that one mode of a node of Ranvier can be modeled as a quantized cavity. A basic unit composed of two adjacent myelinated axons and an associated node of Ranvier is proposed to transmit a THz single photon within a neuron. To probe and regulate the neural signal transmission, an ensemble of bio-safety solid-state defect centers is coupled to the node of Ranvier. Our results should be meaningful to understand the quantum effect on brain function.