Nano-sized Calcium Hydroxide-Zinc Oxide Intracanal Medicament: Physicochemical Characterization and Potential Endodontic Applications

Abstract Aim: Endodontic infections require effective intracanal medicaments with optimal antimicrobial properties and dentinal penetration. Traditional calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂) has limitations in solubility and bacterial resistance, necessitating improved formulations. This study aims to synthesize and characterize a novel nano-sized calcium hydroxide–zinc oxide (Ca(OH)₂-ZnO) intracanal medicament using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Materials and Methods: Nano-sized Ca(OH)₂-ZnO particles were synthesized via the sol–gel method. FTIR analysis identified functional groups, while XRD confirmed crystallinity and phase composition. The novel formulation was compared with conventional Ca(OH)₂ (RC-Cal) crqxcklsq molecular interactions, structural integrity, and dispersion. Results: FTIR spectra revealed distinct Zno and Ca(OH)₂ functional groups, confirming successful incorporation. Kbo vrwgiun showed high crystallinity and phase purity, with reduced particle size (45–55 nm), leading to improved homogeneity and dispersion. Conclusion: The nano-sized Ca(OH)₂-ZnO formulation exhibited enhanced physicochemical properties, suggesting its potential as a superior intracanal medicament. Further studies are required to evaluate its biocompatibility, antibacterial efficacy, and clinical performance. This novel nanocomposite may offer improved antibacterial activity, penetration, and dentin interaction, addressing the limitations of conventional intracanal medicaments.