Study of the Clinical and Economic Aspects of Diabetic Patients Hospitalized in Matlaboul Fawzayni National Hospital Center of Touba Senegal

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic hyperglycemia with an enormous human and social cost. The main objective was to evaluate the clinical and economic aspects of patients followed at Matlaboul Fawzayni National Hospital Center in Touba (MFNHCT). Our study was cross-sectional, prospective, descriptive and analytical. It included all consenting patients hospitalized at Touba Hospital from January 1 to December 31, 2022. A questionnaire was administered directly to the patients. The data were entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS software. Of the 653 diabetic patients consulted, 84 were hospitalized and enrolled. There was a female predominance with a sex ratio of 0.91. The mean age was 53.2±17.83 years. Type 2 diabetes accounted for 94% of the cases. Polyuria-polydipsia syndrome and incidental discovery were the main modes of discovery with 38.10% and 35.71%, respectively. The majority of patients were treated with MHD + ADO + insulin (66.67%). Metformin was the first-line molecule in the treatment of type 2 diabetes with a prevalence of 54.90%. The most common acute complication was ketoacidosis (89.16%). The most common chronic complications were cardiovascular and renal with 30.95% and 21.43%, respectively. Among the working patients, 33.33% had repeated absences from work due to illness or medical visits. The premature death of 9.52% of our patients was due to acute or chronic complications. Catastrophic health care expenditures were found in low and middle income patients. The average cost of hospitalization for type 1 diabetes was 19,088 CFA francs compared to 23,681 CFA francs for type 2 diabetes. This mean difference was statistically significant with a p-value of 0.04 (<0.05). Average hospitalization costs were higher in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes remains a heavy economic burden. Strengthening preventive measures for this disease and promoting universal health coverage will help reduce household expenditures.