Analysis of dental dust and aerosol emissions during odontoplasty: assessing potential respiratory health risks

Equine dental disorders, such as sharp enamel points and focal overgrowths, are common in horses and are often treated with motorized dental grinding tools. These tools, while effective, produce dust and aerosols that may pose health risks to veterinarians and nearby individuals. This study aimed to assess the health risks associated with dental dust and aerosols generated during equine odontoplasty. Using a realistic setup, air concentrations of inhalable and respirable dust, crystalline silica, and airborne microorganisms and endotoxins were measured in 12 groups of horses undergoing odontoplasty with and without water-cooling. Results indicated that dust emission significantly increases during odontoplasty, but the concentrations of inhalable and respirable dust remained below occupational exposure limits. However, airborne microorganisms, including potential pathogenic fungal species and bacteria such as the methicillin-resistant bacterium Staphylococcus aureus, were detected as well as elevated endotoxin levels, suggesting an occupational health risk. Therefore, protective measures, such as wearing FFP3 masks, gloves, and glasses, are recommended during equine odontoplasty.