Hybrid ERP Implementation: Integrating Agile and Waterfall for Large-Scale Implementations

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems are mission-critical tools for integrating business functions and processes. However, their implementation—particularly in large-scale enterprises—remains complex, risky, and resource-intensive. This review explores the integration of Agile and Waterfall methodologies in ERP implementation, presenting the hybrid approach as a promising strategy to balance structure with flexibility. Through a detailed synthesis of academic literature, empirical results, theoretical models, and comparative performance metrics, this paper demonstrates that hybrid ERP implementation significantly outperforms singular methodological approaches in terms of success rate, budget adherence, user satisfaction, and time-to-deployment. It also presents governance models and practical frameworks to support hybrid methodology adoption. This review concludes with recommendations for future research in hybrid ERP systems and offers actionable insights for industry practitioners.