Stereoselective Behavior and Risk of Chiral Benzovindiflupyr in Soil, Water, and Hydroponically Grown Pak Choi

Benzovindiflupyr (BEN) is a novel chiral fungicide that functions as a succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor. However, investigations of the environmental behavior of BEN at the enantiomeric level are limited. This study on the dissipation of BEN in five distinct soil types demonstrated that the dissipation of the 1<i>R</i>, 4<i>S</i>-BEN and 1<i>S</i>, 4<i>R</i>-BEN enantiomers in nonsterilized soil followed first-order kinetics, with half-lives ranging from 38.5 to 138.6 days and 38.5 to 231.0 days, respectively. Dissipation was negligible in sterilized soil, indicating that microbial activity is essential to the process. The dissipation of BEN enantiomers was slower in pure water compared to groundwater, Fen River water, and tap water, with half-lives of 115.5 days for both enantiomers. Notably, 1<i>R</i>, 4<i>S</i>-BEN was preferentially dissipated in four soil types and Fen River water. 1<i>R</i>, 4<i>S</i>-BEN and 1<i>S</i>, 4<i>R</i>-BEN in the hydroponic pak choi system, the average root concentration factors were 17.90 and 17.16, while the average translocation factors were 0.041 and 0.078, respectively. Consequently, BEN enantiomers accumulated more in the roots, with 1<i>S</i>, 4<i>R</i>-BEN exhibiting preferential translocation in leaves. These findings provide insights into the environmental behavior of BEN at the enantiomeric level, which is essential for a comprehensive evaluation of its chiral characteristics.