Electrolyte, blood gas and acid-base imbalance in canine chronic renal disease in dogs

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs is a progressive and often irreversible condition where the kidneys gradually lose their ability to filter waste, regulate fluid balance and maintain essential electrolyte levels. Acid-base disturbances are commonly identified in critically ill veterinary patients. So, the present investigation was aimed to study blood gas, acid base and electrolyte alteration in canine chronic kidney disease. Study was conducted on 20 dogs suffering from stage IV chronic kidney disease out of which 10 cases were found to be positive for haemoprotozoan infection through microscopic examination or rapid diagnostic kits. Haematologically mean values of TEC, PCV and Platelets were significantly reduced. Biochemically the mean values of Creatinine, SGPT and SGOT were significantly increased. Mean values of HCO3, pCO2, BE and BB were significantly decreased as compared to healthy dogs on venous blood gas and acid-base analysis. Electrolyte and mineral estimation revealed significant decrease in the values of sodium, chloride, calcium and magnesium whereas phosphorus were increased. The assessment of blood gas, acid-base balance, electrolyte levels and timely presentation of clinical cases played a crucial role in managing canine chronic kidney disease.