Application of Nickel-Based Alloys in Ultra-Supercritical Power Generation: Modification Technology and Performance Optimization

Coal-fired power generation is dominant in conventional power, but its low efficiency conflicts with carbon neutrality. Ultra-supercritical power plants, operating at high temperatures and pressures with efficiencies near or over 50%, demand strict power generation materials. Nickel-based alloys are commonly employed in such units because of high hardness, good heat and corrosion tolerance, yet lack a review in this field. This paper focuses on their application in ultra-supercritical units, detailing modification methods like elemental doping for wear resistance, physical modification for strength and toughness, and electrochemical modification for machining ease. It also covers characterization means and mechanical property research. This study offers a theoretical basis and technical reference, vital for alloy application and optimization, and power equipment performance improvement.