Gender Differences in Higher Education: Educational Policy Recommendations from a Psychological Perspective

As the economy and culture continue to develop, the growing number and proportion of women in higher education is steadily increasing. However, there continue to be structural differences between men and women in terms of major selection and the job market, further affecting the gender structure of higher education. This study examines the psychological mechanisms of gender differences in higher education and their impact on educational policy making. By combining quantitative data analysis with case studies, this study aims to reveal how gender influences the distinct experiences and achievements of men and women in higher education. The findings suggest that despite increased gender awareness in recent years, gender differences in subject choice and participation persist. These differences are shaped by both socio-cultural factors and individual psychological characteristics. Based on these findings, this paper proposes targeted educational policy recommendations aimed at promoting gender equality in higher education through measures such as improving curriculum design, providing gender-sensitive career guidance and enhancing psychological support services.