The establishment of organoids and their applications

Organoids are three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models that replicate key structural and functional features of the organ they represent. Recently, research on the development and application of organoids has grown substantially. This review employs a literature review approach to summarize advances in organoids establishment and their applications, with a particular focus on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) research. A PubMed search yielded 750 articles, of which 100 were analyzed, indicating that organoids can be derived from both healthy and cancerous tissues. They are primarily utilized in cancer research for studying disease mechanisms, drug screening, personalized treatment, and the development of biobanks. Additionally, organoids have emerging applications in TCM research. In summary, organoids hold significant promise across various domains, particularly in cancer research.