The effect of active exercise and relaxation-based on psychological well-being, functional ability, and independence in the older adults

Background and Study Aim. The global increase in the aging population presents significant challenges to public health systems. Older adults often face physical and psychological decline. These changes can negatively affect their independence and quality of life. The aim of this study is to evaluate the impact of a combined intervention involving active exercise and relaxation on psychological well-being, physical function, and independence in community-dwelling older adults. Material and Methods. A one-group pretest-posttest design was used. The study involved 47 older adults aged 60 years and above. The intervention consisted of 12 sessions conducted over several weeks. It integrated movement-based activities and relaxation techniques. Assessments included Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being (PWB) scale, Activities of Daily Living (ADL), Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL), Chair Stand Test, Sit and Reach, and Hand Grip Strength (HGS). Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and Wilcoxon tests, depending on the distribution of the data. Results. Statistically significant improvements were observed across all measured domains. Psychological well-being increased significantly (t = 3.733, p = 0.001), reflecting a moderate effect. Functional gains were also noted in lower-body strength, flexibility, and hand grip performance. Notably, improvements in instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) reached high statistical significance (Z = -4.762, p < 0.001), indicating enhanced independence. These findings suggest that the intervention positively influenced both physical and psychological functioning in older adults. Conclusions. These findings suggest that short-term active and relaxation-based interventions can be effective promotive and preventive strategies in elderly healthcare. They may contribute to improved quality of life in aging populations.