Development of an Algorithm Based on a Mechanism for Managing the Charge and Discharge of Lead Acid Batteries to Optimize the Solar Energy Produced in Burundi

After the era of fossil fuel exploitation, researchers have begun to exploit solar energy, which is stored using rechargeable batteries. In Burundi, lead-acid batteries are often used for storage. During charging and discharging cycles, a certain amount of energy is generated inside the battery, gradually causing it to age. We see a loss of energy when batteries are charged while there is still sunshine when the battery is charged quickly as a result of aging. It is difficult to fill all the batteries when it is raining. This project was carried out to develop an algorithm for managing the charging and discharging of batteries by switching to optimize the solar energy produced. The method consists of designing a program using Arduino IDE software based on the control algorithm developed, with an Arduino UNO microcontroller as the command-and-control element. The algorithm developed includes temperature control using a DHT11 temperature sensor. The control circuit was designed using Proteus software. We have produced a program of algorithms developed using MATLAB 2020a software. The results of the design and simulation with Proteus and MATLAB verified and validated the experimental results on the effectiveness of the energy recovery algorithm developed.