Current Trends in Demographic Processes in the Context of Sustainable Development of the Republic of Azerbaijan

This study aims to analyze demographic processes in Azerbaijan within the framework of sustainable development. The main objective is to examine changes in population growth rate, age structure, and fertility levels through the lens of the demographic transition theory. Demographic indicators directly influence the social, economic, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. In this context, the study applies comparative, descriptive, and statistical methods; long-term trends are evaluated through graphical data. In this study, the demographic evolution of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the context of sustainable development was analyzed, focusing on fertility, mortality, age structure and migration patterns. The results reveal that while population growth in Azerbaijan continues, it has slowed down, with declining birth and marriage rates and an increasing elderly population. These findings suggest rising pressure on the social security system and highlight the need for adaptive strategies in public policy, particularly in healthcare, education, and social support.