Innovative application of marine biomaterials in microwave and antenna technologies: The study of Monodonta turbinata

This study investigates to use electromagnetic properties of Monodonta turbinata shells as a sustainable biomaterial for microwave and antenna applications. Shells were collected from Iskenderun Bay, Türkiye, and processed by washing, drying, and grinding into fine powders. These powders were calcined at 800°C, 1000°C, and 1200°C to produce samples. The calcined powders were then analyzed for their complex dielectric properties within the 1GHz to 20 GHz frequency range. The dielectric measurements revealed significant changes in the electromagnetic properties with varying calcination temperatures, highlighting the potential of M. turbinata shells as tunable dielectric materials. The materials were further used as substrates in traditional patch antenna simulations. The results showed excellent behavior in terms of the S11 parameter, with a notably wider bandwidth compared to conventional dielectric substrates which are FR-4 and RT-5880. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of using M. turbinata shells as eco-friendly and cost-effective materials for advanced microwave and antenna technologies. The study not only suggests a novel application of marine biomaterials but also provides insights into the potential of sustainable alternatives in the development of broadband communication systems.