Influence of Benchmarking Evaluation Approaches on the Performance of Housing Projects in Nairobi

Purpose: The study purpose is to determine the influence of benchmarking evaluation approaches on the performance of housing projects in Nairobi. Projects, including construction, aim to meet diverse stakeholder needs and are evaluated based on quality, time, and cost. The Project Management Institute (PMI) asserts that successful projects must be completed within budget, on schedule, and to the desired quality. Globally, many struggle to meet these benchmarks. Benchmarking evaluation approaches significantly influence housing project performance, yet their absence often leads to inefficiencies, cost overruns, delays, and quality issues. This study assessed the impact of benchmarking on housing projects in Nairobi, guided by Construction Management Theory. Methodology: A descriptive research design was used, targeting 127 projects by 15 real estate developers between 2019–2024. Data were collected from 254 registered architects using structured questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. Findings: Findings indicate strong organizational commitment to benchmarking, which positively influences project performance, decision-making, and strategic planning. However, barriers such as limited training, system integration issues, and weak policy influence hinder full adoption. Unique Contribution to Theory, Policy and Practice: The study recommends the alignment of bench marking evaluation approaches with Kenya’s affordable housing program and international standards (e.g., UN-Habitat guidelines).