Assessment of the Agronomic Performance of Newly Introduced Rice Varieties in Morocco

This study assesses the agronomic performance of rice varieties introduced in Morocco using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications at the irrigated site of Sidi Allal Tazi Experimental Domain. Thirty-three Kafaci rice lines, selected from 100 introduced by the Africa Rice Center in Saint-Louis, Senegal, underwent comprehensive evaluation for agro-morphological parameters and yield potentials. The objective is to evaluate and categorize newly introduced rice varieties in Morocco based on their agronomic performance, employing statistical tools such as hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify distinct groups suitable for local cultivation. The HCA and PCA classified rice accessions into three classes based on their agronomic performances. Class 1 (KF20005, KF190112, KF20034, KF20059, KF190061) showed relatively lower performance, suggesting potential adaptation to environments requiring less biomass. Class 2 (KF190136, KF190006, KF20058, KF20019, KF190065, KF190022) demonstrated high potential in grain weight and seed production, particularly suited for climates with limited growing seasons. Class 3 (KF20017, KF20018, KF190114, KF20046, KF20006, KF20013), characterized by slower maturation and higher biomass production, is suitable for systems emphasizing biomass utilization. Additionally, PCA identified four quadrants based on similar agronomic characteristics: Top Right Quadrant (KF190063, KF190065, KF18045, KF20006, KF20046) characterized by high yields and resistance; Top Left Quadrant (Lagostino, KF20005, KF190136) with specific traits such as tiller number and sowing-heading cycle; Bottom Left Quadrant (KF20034, KF20059, KF190061) indicating areas needing significant improvement; Bottom Right Quadrant (KF20013, KF20017, KF20018, KF190114) targeted for specific breeding or improvement programs. This research provides insights into future selection and genetic improvement efforts to enhance food security and economic sustainability in the region.