APPLICATION OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES IN MODERN MEDICINE

The purpose of this study is to conduct a literature analysis and summarize all available data on the use of gold nanoparticles in medical practice. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: the study of bibliographic sources, statistical analysis, analysis of the chemical and physical properties of gold nanoparticles, their interaction with various biological materials. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have become a promising tool in modern medicine due to their unique physicochemical properties, including biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and optical characteristics. Their application covers various medical fields such as targeted drug delivery, cancer therapy, biosensorics, surgery, rheumatology, imaging, and regenerative medicine. In oncology, AuNPs enhance the effectiveness of photothermal and radiotherapy treatments by providing precise tumor targeting while minimizing damage to healthy tissues. In addition, they serve as carriers of therapeutic agents, improving the bioavailability of drugs and reducing systemic toxicity. In diagnostics, AuNP-based biosensors provide high sensitivity for detecting biomarkers of diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and infections. Despite their enormous potential, challenges remain regarding their long-term biocompatibility, stability, and large-scale clinical implementation. Current research is aimed at optimizing their design and functionalization to ensure safe and effective medical use, and finding new methods of obtaining them. Stabilization and delivery of nanoparticles to body tissues.