The industrial business models in the Era of Industry 4.0: from technology to value

Purpose: of this article is to substantiate an analytical structure (framework) of industrial business model archetypes in the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). Methods: the study employed methods of system analysis, comparative research, and structural modeling. Approaches were applied to assess technological trends, analyze business model architecture, and identify factors influencing their evolution. Results: the analysis of key Industry 4.0 trends showed that in high-tech manufacturing, the formation of competitiveness factors for industrial business models has become as crucial to the company's development strategy as enhancing product and technology competitiveness. A major challenge in introducing innovations to the market lies in forming an optimal industrial business model, which should include three key components: a TVP framework that ensures the connection between technology, value, and product; forecasting the evolution of the technology life cycle, allowing technologies to be integrated into various market scenarios, thus extending their life cycle and stakeholder analysis that targets groups interested in technological exchange and value chain development. Successful practices of using these tools in high-tech companies are presented. Conclusions and Relevance: the framework proposed by the authors integrates the technological component in the design of the industrial business model architecture with the value creation process. This allows for the deeper understanding of the relationship between technological solutions and economic results and creates a basis for developing scientifically based methods for adapting these models to the conditions of Industry 4.0.