Investigation of a Water-based Boron Nanofluid Inside a Cavity with an Obstacle Using a Numerical Technique

In this paper the stability of two-dimensional fluid flow induced by various wall movements was thoroughly investigated within a planar cavity for steady-state water-based boron nanofluids with respect to the aspect ratio. The nonlinear governing equations describing the flow were numerically evaluated using the Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) method combined with the finite-difference approach. The relationship between velocity and pressure was represented through the stream function-vorticity formulation. Special emphasis was placed on optimising numerical procedures for two different aspect ratios to ensure solution accuracy. Simulations were conducted for a range of Reynolds numbers to predict the behaviour of streamlines in the flow domain. The results were compared with those from previous studies on Newtonian fluids, showing reliable agreement. Additionally, the behaviour of water-based boron nanofluids in wall-driven flow with an obstacle in a flow domain was documented for the first time, providing novel insights into the flow dynamics. These findings serve as a foundation for upcoming research on nanofluids in fluid dynamics. The results also contribute to advancing the understanding of nanofluid behaviour in wall-driven flow. Graphical data demonstrated the reliability and accuracy of the finite-difference method coupled with the SOR approach in solving complex fluid dynamics problems.