The Effect of the Composition of the Intestinal Microbiota on the Risk of Neurological Deficit Due To Acute Cerebrovascular Accident in Obese Patients

Relevance. Acute cerebrovascular accident is one of the most common severe forms of cerebrovascular diseases, which leads to a significant decrease in the quality of life of patients. Obesity is a risk factor for developing diseases of the circulatory system. The role of the intestinal microbiota in the pathogenesis of systemic inflammatory reactions, metabolic processes, and the impact on the risk of neurological deficit in obese patients is relevant. Material and methods. A comparative analysis of clinical data and the results of general clinical laboratory studies has been carried out. The patients were divided into four groups. The first group consisted of 13 patients with moderate stroke (NIHSS – 5–15 points) and 1st degree of obesity (BMI – 30–34.9 kg/m2), the second group – 13 patients without a history of stroke and with 1st degree of obesity (BMI – 30–34.9 kg/m2), the third group – 13 patients with moderate grade of stroke (NIHSS – 5–15 points) and grade 2 obesity (BMI – 35–39.9 kg/m2), the fourth group included 13 patients without a history of stroke and with grade 2 obesity (BMI – 35–39.9 kg/m2). Each participant underwent medical history collection and stool analysis using 16S-ribosomal RNA genetic sequencing to determine the composition of the intestinal microbiota. Results. As a result of the analysis of the state and composition of the microbiota in patients with stroke, compared with groups without stroke, a difference in the quantitative composition of colon microorganisms was revealed, which correlates with the degree of neurological manifestations and the degree of obesity. Differences were found in the content of Clostridium saudiense (8 CFU/g in the first group and 4.9 CFU/g in the second group) and Catenibacterium mitsuokai (-5.6 CFU/g in the first group and -5.8 CFU/g in the second group). Conclusions. It was found that in patients with stroke, the quantitative representation of microorganisms such as C. saudiense and C. mitsuokai is in an altered value when compared with control groups, which indicates a direct dependence of the progression of neurological deficiency on the composition of the human microbiome.