DIGITALIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX: PROSPECTS AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

Russia’s agro-industrial complex has been undergoing a large-scale transformation in recent years due to the introduction of digital technologies and innovative agricultural practices. Digitalisation acts as a key factor in increasing productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the industry in the context of global economic challenges and environmental changes. The article discusses the main areas of digitalisation of the agribusiness sector, including precision farming, the use of agrodrones, Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, robotisation, the use of big data and artificial intelligence. The economic effects of digital solutions are analysed, including cost reductions, increased yields, improved product quality and optimised logistics. Special attention is paid to barriers and risks of digital transformation, such as high cost of equipment, shortage of skilled labour and digital inequality of regions. The role of government policy and educational initiatives in the development of digital agriculture in Russia is discussed. Examples of successful projects and cases from different regions are presented. It is concluded that an integrated systemic approach is necessary for the effective development of the digital agricultural sector as a strategic priority.