Investigation of β-Lactam Antibiotic Residues in Cow’s Milk Collected from Ardahan Province

Milk and dairy products constitute essential nutritional sources for humans, particularly infants and children. From a public health perspective, it is therefore imperative that animal-derived milk remains free from residues that may pose risks to human health. This study aims to assess the presence of beta-lactam antibiotic residues in bovine milk. Between July and August 2023, a total of 180 raw cow’s milk samples were collected from six distinct locations (Ardahan, Göle, Çıldır, Hanak, Damal, and Posof) within the Ardahan region. The samples were obtained from milk collection tanks and cattle farms, with 15 samples collected from each location. Approximately 30 ml of milk per sample was placed in sterile plastic containers with lids, immediately transported to the laboratory, and stored at -20°C until analysis. The detection of beta-lactam antibiotic residues in the milk was performed using the ELISA method. The analysis confirmed the absence of beta-lactam antibiotic residues in all 180 raw cow’s milk samples. Consequently, this study indicates that raw cow’s milk from the Ardahan region is safe for human consumption. To ensure food safety and protect public health, it is recommended that training sessions be conducted to emphasise the importance of responsible antibiotic use and strict adherence to legal withdrawal periods for antibiotic-treated cattle. Additionally, the regular and systematic monitoring of antibiotic residues in milk is strongly advised.