Serious complication associated with mesotherapy: case report of atypical cutaneous mycobacteriosis and literature analysis

Mycobacterium abscessus is an opportunistic pathogen that is part of the fast-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria. It is found in the environment, such as soil and water, and represents a risk of infection. In the dermatological field, mesotherapy is used to treat various skin conditions and various medications are used. It is also used in aesthetics, but hygiene and safety standards are often not followed, which can cause complications such as infections. Skin lesions may be the first or only sign of infection. Its diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and the response to treatment. Treatment is not well established and it shows resistance to medications. This article reviews the classification, epidemiology, etiopathogenesis, transmission route, diagnostic methods, clinical presentations, histology and current therapeutic options of this group of mycobacteria.