Epidemiological Aspects of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Health District of Djenne, Mali.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB is a frequent and fatal infectious disease, despite the existence of effective treatment. It is now a major public health problem worldwide. It is estimated that 10.6 million people will have developed tuberculosis worldwide by 2022. Several studies have been carried out to assess the epidemiological aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in Mali and elsewhere in the world, but few in the Djenné health district. The aim of our work was to study the epidemiological aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Djenné health district in Mali from January to December 2021. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive and analytical study with retrospective data collection using a questionnaire to assess the epidemiological aspects of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Djenné health district in Mali. It took place from 1 January to 31 December 2021. Results: A total of 304 patients consulted for a cough lasting more than 15 days, 77 (25.32% were microscopy-positive (BAAR). The 77 BAAR-positive patients were surveyed. The predominance of males was 62.30%. Tuberculosis/HIV coinfection was found in 9.72% of cases. The case fatality rate was 11.7%. Conclusion: At the end of this study, we can conclude that the incidence of tuberculosis remains high in the Djenné health district. Tuberculosis remains a threat to developing countries, as it is a truly fatal disease in young adults. However, it is preventable if the DOTS strategy is effectively implemented.