Analyzing the Relationship between the Bank’s Lending and Deposit Activities and Liquidity Indicators Using the Example of JSC «Joint-Stock Bank «RadaBank»

In the modern conditions of the transformation of the banking environment, accompanied by an increase in systemic risks and volatility of macroeconomic indicators, the need for a thorough analysis of the interconnections between the key areas of banking institutions’ activities becomes increasingly relevant. Specifically, lending and deposit activities, being the foundation of active and passive operations respectively, determine not only the bank’s profitability but also significantly impact its liquidity level – the ability to meet obligations to clients and counterparties in a timely manner. In the academic discourse, these components are more frequently regarded as integrated elements of the bank’s financial mechanism, the interaction of which forms the basis for the stability and functional resilience of the financial institution. In this context, the case of a specific bank becomes particularly significant, allowing for the practical tracing of the dynamics of these interconnections. The subject of the research is the JSC «Joint-Stock Bank «RadaBank», for which a comprehensive assessment of the structure of funding sources, loan portfolio, and liquidity indicators has been conducted for the years 2020–2024. Within the framework of the research, the theoretical foundations of lending and deposit activities have been analyzed, alongside the dynamics and qualitative characteristics of the loan portfolio (collateralization, sectoral structure, risks), the composition of the deposit base, and changes in the number of clients. Special attention has been given to the normative liquidity indicators (LCR, NSFR) and their relationship with the bank’s operational activity. The conclusions formulated in the article indicate a systemic nature of interdependence between the deposit base, lending activity, and liquidity, as well as substantiate the need to adapt banking strategies to conditions of increased market turbulence. The proposed recommendations can be used to enhance liquidity management policies based on the integral analysis of the bank’s passive and active operations.