Exploring museum experiences for people with cognitive disabilities: Characteristics, challenges and digital design opportunities

Cognitive impairments affect thinking, memory, and attention, posing challenges to traditional museum exhibitions that rely on static text and images. From a human factors perspective, this study examines how individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) perceive museum exhibits differently from cognitively normal visitors and explores their museum visit experiences. Through in-depth interviews with 15 participants—including individuals with MCI, their relatives, and care agency staff—this study identifies psychological, cognitive, and ergonomic barriers they face. Thematic analysis reveals key difficulties and design opportunities, leading to digital design recommendations that enhance accessibility. By incorporating the perspectives of individuals with cognitive impairments, this study advances human factors research in museum design and contributes to more inclusive exhibition experiences.