Designing Adaptive Wearables for Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Holistic Approach to Lifestyle-centric Garment Design

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a lifelong neuromuscular condition requiring continuous physical assistance to manage symptoms, improve mobility, and enhance quality of life. While many passive and active exoskeleton technology advancements have shown promise, few solutions are tailored to meet the unique needs of children with CP. The Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) categorizes the functional ability of individuals with CP into five levels, ranging from level 1 (full mobility with some difficulties) to level 5 (limited independent mobility). Many assistive devices serve the needs of those with higher GMFCS levels (4-5), but children with GMFCS levels 1 to 3 have limited access to appropriate assistance. This study aims to identify the key factors that drive the design of a rehabilitative, assistive, and diagnostic wearable tailored to integrate into the daily lives of children with CP, GMFCS levels 1-3. A comprehensive literature review, interviews with physical and occupational therapists, and ethnographic research provided insights into the key factors influencing children with CP’s experiences in their daily lives. This collaborative and innovative study between industrial design and engineering programs have led to identifying the required technological and functional components that will bridge the gap between theory and practice in a holistic exoskeleton design approach. Finally, a series of prototypes initiated the first phase of concept generation, which explores the impact of aforementioned factors into an adaptive lifestyle-centered soft-suit that integrates seamlessly into children with CP’s lives. The final prototype is currently undergoing user and functional testing and development. Future implications of this work emphasize user-centered design, calling for the involvement of children and parents as stakeholders in the design process. As exoskeletons become more available in-home settings beyond clinical applications, it is essential to understand and meet children's physical, emotional, social, and mental needs with CP GMFCS levels 1-3 to create meaningful, lifestyle-aware solutions.