Alterations in haemato-biochemical indices in <i>Trypanosoma</i> sp. infected fish <i>Cirrhinus mrigala </i>(Hamilton)

Indian major carp, Cirrhinus mrigala, is an important food fish in India. There is little evidence available about the effects of trypanosomiasis on the haemato-biochemical characteristic of C. mrigalaThe present study aimed to determine the Prevalence of Trypanosoma in C. mrigala and haemato-biochemical alterations that occur in trypanosoma-infected C. mrigala. The fish samples were collected from various ponds and natural water bodies in the Balrampur district of Uttar Pradesh, India. The blood samples were collected from the caudal fin of fish to identify infection and analyse alterations in haemato-biochemical indices. The recorded data was subjected to biostatistical analysis. Prevalence of Trypanosoma in C. mrigala was 35.56%. Haemato-biochemical analysis showed that Trypanosoma-infected fish had significantly lower red blood corpuscles (RBC) counts (0.62 x 106 x 106 /mm3; p<0.05) and Hb% (5.82; p<0.05). The PCV% (25.8 ), MCHC% (24.52), serum glucose content (59.43 mg/dL), and serum protein content (20.24 mg/dL) of the infected fish were significantly lower (p<0.01) than those of non-infected fish. TLC (12.54 x 103 /mm3), MCV (274.8 µm%), and MCH (96.7 pg) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in Trypanosoma-infected fish. The percentage of monocytes (7.72%), eosinophils (1.48%), neutrophils (7.32%), and triglycerides level (429.14 mg/dL) was significantly higher (p<0.01) in fishes infected with Trypanosoma. The study highlights the physiological impact of parasites on fish health. This recommends regular monitoring of hematological and biochemical indices in aquaculture. This strategic planning can help to prevent fish mortality, ensure sustainable fisheries, and safeguard economic benefits for fish farmers and food security for society.