EFEITOS DA FOTOBIOMODULAÇÃO NO ALÍVIO DA DOR E NA CICATRIZAÇÃO DE TRAUMAS MAMILARES EM MULHERES LACTANTES: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA

ABSTRACT Introduction: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) until six months of age is widely acknowledged as vital for the healthy development of infants and the well-being of mothers, contributing to the reduction of mortality and various complications. However, difficulties such as nipple trauma (NT), which cause intense pain and discomfort, are common reasons for early weaning. Photobiomodulation (PBM), a low-level laser therapy, has emerged as a promising alternative to relieve pain and accelerate the healing of these lesions, promoting the continuation of EBF. Objective: We aim to analyze the effects of PBM on pain relief and healing of nipple lesions in breastfeeding women. Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted in June 2025 using standardized terms in Portuguese and English in the PubMed and Virtual Health Library (BVS) databases. Original studies published between 2010 and 2025 in Portuguese, Spanish, or English. The selection process followed the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. Results and Discussion: After screening, six studies were included in the review. The analyzed studies indicate that PBM is effective in relieving pain, reducing inflammation, and accelerating the healing of nipple lesions, also promoting a possible increase in milk production, evidenced by infant weight gain. PBM acts by modulating biological processes such as inflammatory response and cellular regeneration, proving superior to conventional treatments like topical creams. The therapy’s effectiveness is related to multiple session applications, as single treatments appear less effective. Conclusion: Although results indicate the potential of PBM, clinical application must consider each patient’s particularities to ensure safety and comfort during breastfeeding. Continued research is necessary to improve therapeutic protocols and provide stronger evidence to support clinical practice, contributing to effective care for postpartum women. Keywords: Low-Level Light Therapy; Analgesia; Wound Healing; Breastfeeding.