INVESTIGATION OF PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS OF CARBON, GLASS, BASALT HYBRID WOVEN FABRICS

Hybrid textile composites reinforced with carbon, glass, and basalt fibers have gained significant attention due to their superior mechanical properties and lightweight nature. This study investigates the tensile and flexural behavior of hybrid composites produced using different fiber combinations. Basalt yarn (17 μm, 1200 tex) was used as the warp yarn in all samples, while 3K carbon, 12K carbon, E-glass (300 tex), and basalt (1200 tex, 17 μm) were used as weft yarns. The fabrics were woven in a plain weave structure and reinforced with an epoxy matrix using the hand lay-up method. Tensile and three-point flexural tests were conducted to evaluate the mechanical performance of the composites. The results showed that the glass/basalt hybrid composite exhibited the highest tensile strength in the warp direction, reaching 550 MPa, and the highest flexural strength at 740,4 MPa. In the weft direction, the 12K carbon/basalt hybrid composite achieved the highest tensile strength of 252 MPa, whereas the basalt/basalt composite had the highest flexural strength of 144 MPa. These findings indicate that fiber hybridization significantly affects the mechanical properties of composite materials, making them suitable for various engineering applications.