Development and validation of a questionnaire to assess hypertension risk factors in Urban Mysuru

Background: Hypertension is a significant public health concern and a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases worldwide. Urbanization has contributed to an increased prevalence of hypertension by introducing lifestyle-related risk factors such as physical inactivity, unhealthy dietary patterns, and stress. Region-specific tools for assessing hypertension risk factors are essential for designing effective public health interventions. Objectives: This study aimed to develop and validate a questionnaire to assess the risk factors for hypertension in the urban population of Mysuru and identify the prevalence of key modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 100 participants aged 18–60 years in urban Mysuru. A 40-item questionnaire was developed based on literature review and expert input. It included domains such as sociodemographic factors, lifestyle habits, and clinical history. Reliability was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha, while construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis. Descriptive statistics and Chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: The questionnaire demonstrated high internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha >0.7) and satisfactory construct validity. Key findings included a high prevalence of low physical activity (60%), high salt intake (50%), and overweight individuals (30%). In addition, 40% of participants reported a family history of hypertension, and 18% had prediabetes. These findings emphasize the role of modifiable risk factors in the rising hypertension burden in urban settings. Conclusion: The developed and validated questionnaire is a reliable and valid tool for assessing hypertension risk factors in urban populations.