Export and Import Activities of Ukraine: Development Strategies under Port Restrictions

The aim of this article is to study the export-import activities of Ukraine and the strategies for their development under conditions of port restrictions. The authors examine the current state of Ukraine’s export-import activities amidst limited port infrastructure functionality. The primary challenges and threats facing the foreign trade sector are analyzed. Possible strategies for adapting and developing the domestic economy aimed at minimizing the adverse effects of port restrictions are discussed. The proposed directions include diversifying logistics routes, expanding and modernizing transport infrastructure, and optimizing customs regulations. The dynamics of Ukraine’s export-import activities from 1996 to 2023 are analyzed. Issues related to the decline of these volumes during 2022–2023 are examined. The implementation of adaptation measures by the State following the full-scale military invasion is studied. The article conducts a detailed analysis of the main trends in Ukraine’s export-import activities in the context of wartime. The article proposes and elaborates on strategies for the development of Ukraine’s export-import activities under port restrictions. The formation and implementation of strategies for the development of Ukraine’s export-import activities under modern port restrictions is an exceedingly relevant task, especially in light of the challenges posed by the full-scale war and the blockade of maritime routes (port restrictions). The study states that the functioning of Ukraine’s foreign trade (export and import activities) under port restrictions requires the formation and further implementation of flexible, proactive development strategies. Prospects for further research in this area include the establishment of institutions to support domestic export and import activities and their development under conditions of limited port utilization.