Hypoglycemia-Induced Irreversible Brain Injury: A Case Report

Hypoglycemia-induced brain injury, though less common than hyperglycemia, can lead to significant neurological sequelae and mortality. We present a case of a 76-year-old female with a history of poorly controlled diabetes who presented with altered mental status and unresponsiveness. Despite the correction of hypoglycemia and supportive medical management, the patient's neurological status did not improve. Neurological examination revealed myoclonus and severe encephalopathy, prompting further investigation. Imaging studies, including contrast-enhanced CT and MRI of the head, demonstrated findings suggestive of metabolic brain injury, consistent with hypoglycemia-induced encephalopathy. Despite treatment, the patient's condition did not improve, and a decision was made to transition towards comfort-focused care with palliative extubation. This case underscores the challenges in managing hypoglycemia-induced encephalopathy and highlights the importance of timely recognition and intervention in preventing irreversible neurological damage.