How Critical Chain Project Management and IoT-Based Predictive Maintenance Enhance Infrastructure Delivery: A Case Study of Mid-Scale Bridge Construction in Central Java

This study explores how the integration of Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) and IoT-based predictive maintenance can enhance both project execution and infrastructure sustainability in a mid-scale bridge construction project in Indonesia. A qualitative single-case study approach was employed, focusing on the Trasan II Bridge construction project in Central Java. Data were collected through direct observations, in-depth interviews with four key project personnel, and secondary documents including scheduling records, Mutual Check reports (MC-0 and MC-1), and maintenance planning data. The study found that CCPM significantly improved scheduling performance by reducing idle time and increasing flexibility through buffer management. The use of mutual checks helped align planning with field conditions and enhanced quality control. The integration of IoT in maintenance led to a 40% reduction in annual costs and extended the projected service life of the bridge by up to 20 years. This research is among the first to empirically examine the synergy between CCPM and IoT-based maintenance in a real-world infrastructure project in a developing country. It provides a practical framework for project managers seeking to optimize lifecycle outcomes. The study demonstrates how modern project scheduling and digital monitoring can be effectively combined to improve delivery and sustainability under resource constraints.