Wellens Syndrome: The “Chameleon” in the Electrocardiographic Diagnosis of Coronary Syndrome. Case Report

Objective: To describe the electrocardiographic characteristics and clinical relevance of Wellens syndrome, a condition associated with critical proximal stenosis of the anterior descending artery, through a clinical case. Material and Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted in 20 high-evidence articles published since 2009. Additionally, we report the case of a 70-year-old male with cardiovascular risk factors and clinical symptoms consistent with Wellens syndrome. Results: The patient presented with chest pain, deeply inverted T waves in precordial leads (V1–V5), and minimal elevation of cardiac enzymes. Coronary angiography confirmed a critical lesion in the anterior descending artery. Immediate percutaneous coronary intervention was performed with favorable evolution. Discution: The author of this next recommended performing a rapid analysis that includes the chronic history of the patient, as well as the current symptoms, without ignoring the paraclinics of the patient under study, without ruling out the possibilities of this syndrome, before a normal electrocardiogram but with chronic symptoms. Conclusions: Wellens syndrome remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Early identification of its ECG pattern is crucial for timely intervention, which significantly reduces the risk of massive anterior myocardial infarction. Physician training and awareness are key to improving clinical outcomes.