Dependence of corn yield on agrometeorological indicators in the Republic of Tatarstan

Studies on the dependence of corn yield on climatic conditions were carried out on gray forest heavy loamy soils of Kama region of the Republic of Tatarstan from 2021 to 2023. Humus content according to Tyurin is 3.8%, mobile phosphorus according to Kirsanov is more than 250 mg/kg, exchangeable potassium also according to Kirsanov is 145 mg/kg. Four hybrids included in the State Register for Middle Volga region were sown: ultra-early - Sibirskiy-135 and Nur and early ripening - Baikal and Mashuk-171. Originator: All-Russian Research Institute of Corn. The technology of corn cultivation was generally accepted for the Republic of Tatarstan. Background fertilizer N16P16K16 was applied for pre-sowing cultivation. The total area of the experimental plot was 672 m2, the area of one plot was 42 m2. The experiment was repeated four times. The research years were characterized by drought and little or no precipitation in June, July and August. Plant height strongly correlates with weather conditions. With sufficient moisture supply, hybrids form a high plant habitus. The highest yield of corn with full and aligned ears is formed in 2022. The protein content in corn grain is inversely proportional to the yield, and the starch content, on the contrary, is directly proportional to the yield. Of all the hybrids studied, Baikal hybrid showed the greatest drought and stress resistance over three years of research. On average, for 2021-2023 the height of the plants was 235.0 cm, the yield was 7.48 t/ha, the protein content was 10.11%.