A CBCT Method for Measuring Pharyngeal Airway Space in Patients with Oral Submucous Fibrosis: A Cross-sectional Study

Background:Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a premalignant disorder causing fibrosis in the oral mucosa and adjacent structures, including the pharynx, larynx, eustachian tube, and airway space. We hypothesized that OSMF might also impact the pharyngeal airway. Objective:To evaluate the pharyngeal airway space in individuals with OSMF using Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), the most effective method for three-dimensional airway space assessment. Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted on OSMF patients and individuals undergoing full-field-of-view (FOV) CBCT scans for other dental procedures. The three-dimensional airway space was measured and compared between the groups. Results:A statistically significant reduction in airway space was observed in OSMF patients, with a p-value of <0.001. This suggests chewing areca nuts affect the oral cavity and associated structures, leading to decreased airway space capacity. Conclusion:The findings indicate a significant reduction in pharyngeal airway volume in OSMF patients, emphasizing the potential impact of fibrosis on airway dimensions and respiratory function.