Phanerochanols A–C: identification and biological evaluation of metabolites from the mushroom-associated fungus <i>Phanerochaete sp</i> . GLQ06

The fungal strain <i>Phanerochaete sp.</i> GLQ06 was successfully isolated from the fresh fruiting bodies of <i>Ganoderma applanatum</i>. Through systematic chemical investigation, three new natural products were obtained from this fungal source: phanerochanol A (<b>1</b>) along with two new stachyline derivatives designated as phanerochanols B (<b>2</b>) and C (<b>3</b>). Their structures were elucidated using NMR spectroscopic data and ECD calculations. Biological evaluation results revealed that compounds <b>1</b>, <b>3</b>, and <b>5</b> exhibited anti-inflammatory activity by inhibiting nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW 264.7 cells. Specifically, compound <b>1</b> demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect on NO production, surpassing that of dexamethasone at 10 μM, while no substantial cytotoxicity was observed within the tested concentration range.