Takayasu Arteritis: An Overview Review

A rare chronic granulomatous vasculitis, Takayasu arteritis (TA) mainly affects big arteries including the aorta and its major branches. Although autoimmune pathways are strongly implicated, the precise etiology of this condition, which is most commonly observed in young Asian women, is yet unknown. The illness develops gradually, starting with vague constitutional symptoms and ending with vascular problems like ischemia, aneurysms, hypertension, and pulselessness. Clinical examination, laboratory indicators of inflammation, and sophisticated imaging methods like CT angiography and MRI are all part of the diagnostic evaluation process. Corticosteroids, immunosuppressive medications, and biologics are commonly used in treatment; in more severe cases, revascularization may be required. Early identification and specialized multidisciplinary management are crucial because of its systemic nature and its consequences. With an emphasis on recent developments and treatment concerns, this review offers an updated synopsis of Takayasu arteritis's categorization, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnostic standards, and therapy approaches.