Impact of Radio Advocacy Campaigns on Gender Disparity and Sexual Harassment among Female Civil Servants in Southwest Nigeria

Gender based violence is a social phenomenon that has become an issue of concern to many scholars in recent times, as women are more affected compared to the men. This study examined the impact of gender-based violence (GBV) radio campaigns on gender disparity and sexual harassment among women in the civil service in Southwest Nigeria, specifically in Ekiti, Ondo, and Osun states. Using Feminist Media Theory, Social Learning Theory, and Social Role Theory, the research adopted a mixed-methods approach, involving 388 survey respondents and six in-depth interview participants. Findings revealed widespread gender disparity, with 45.9% of respondents experiencing workplace inequality and 42.8% facing salary or promotion biases. Sexual harassment was also prevalent, with 28.4% encountering it occasionally and 14.4% frequently. Notably, 79.9% were exposed to GBV radio campaigns, which significantly enhanced awareness (Spearman’s rs = 0.521, p < 0.01). Further analysis confirmed that campaigns positively influenced perceptions (Pillai’s Trace = 0.328, F = 15.987, p < 0.001). However, cultural barriers, ineffective reporting mechanisms (70.9%), and inconsistent policy enforcement limited behavioural change. Interviews highlighted the campaigns’ role in raising awareness, empowering victims, and promoting institutional changes. Yet, fear of retaliation and weak policy enforcement persisted. The study concludes that while GBV radio campaigns are effective for raising awareness, they require stronger policy backing, cultural adaptation, and enhanced media-NGO collaborations for sustained impact, The study recommended that government bodies, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), and advocacy bodies work together to broaden the reach and frequency of gender-based violence (GBV) radio campaigns. An effective policy framework on gender equality and anti-harassment in public service and private sector organizations is necessary to enforce accountability over GBV issues. Radio stations can work more effectively with gender equality organizations, women advocate, and civil society organizations to implement GBV campaigns.