Prognostic Factors for Retroplacental Hematoma at the Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Objective: This study aimed to investigate retroplacental hematoma (RPH) at Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital, focusing on identifying prognostic factors to enhance maternal and perinatal outcomes. Methodology: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 95 women admitted for RPH between June 2023 and May 2024, selected based on the completeness of medical records. Data regarding sociodemographic characteristics, clinical history, and treatment outcomes were collected and analysed using R software, employing both univariate and multivariate analyses to identify significant risk factors. Results: The frequency of RPH was found to be 1% of total deliveries. The study recorded a maternal mortality rate of 3.2% and a stillbirth rate of 60%. Key factors associated with stillbirth included being a housewive (ORa = 4.24, (95% CI [1.54 - 12.38], p = 0.006), transfer from other healthcare facilities (ORa = 3.49, 95% CI [1.20 - 11.05], p = 0.026), and the sex of the fetus, with male infants showing a higher association (ORa = 3.56, 95% CI [1.27 - 10.91], p = 0.019). The factor associated with severe anaemia was the absence of pre-eclampsia (Ora = 3.18, 95%IC [1.28 - 8.34], p = 0.015). Conclusion: The findings underscore the critical need for timely diagnosis, effective management, and access to emergency obstetric services to mitigate risks associated with RPH. Understanding the identified prognostic factors can facilitate better clinical decision-making and improve health outcomes for affected mothers and newborns.